Bodobalazs: 1 revision imported: GDPRHUB import 2023 04 18

2023-04-18T15:01:40Z

1 revision imported: GDPRHUB import 2023 04 18

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![[Article 67 GDPR|←]] Article 68 - European Data Protection Board [[Article 69 GDPR|→]]
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<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 1: General provisions</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 1 GDPR|Article 1: Subject-matter and objectives]]<br />
[[Article 2 GDPR|Article 2: Material scope]]<br />
[[Article 3 GDPR|Article 3: Territorial scope]]<br />
[[Article 4 GDPR|Article 4: Definitions]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 2: Principles</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 5 GDPR|Article 5: Principles relating to processing of personal data]]<br />
[[Article 6 GDPR|Article 6: Lawfulness of processing]]<br />
[[Article 7 GDPR|Article 7: Conditions for consent]]<br />
[[Article 8 GDPR|Article 8: Conditions applicable to child’s consent in relation to information society services]]<br />
[[Article 9 GDPR|Article 9: Processing of special categories of personal data]]<br />
[[Article 10 GDPR|Article 10: Processing of personal data relating to criminal convictions and offences]]<br />
[[Article 11 GDPR|Article 11: Processing which does not require identification]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 3: Rights of the data subject</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 12 GDPR|Article 12: Transparent information, communication and modalities for the exercise of the rights of the data subject]]<br />
[[Article 13 GDPR|Article 13: Information to be provided where personal data are collected from the data subject]]<br />
[[Article 14 GDPR|Article 14: Information to be provided where personal data have not been obtained from the data subject]]<br />
[[Article 15 GDPR|Article 15: Right of access by the data subject]]<br />
[[Article 16 GDPR|Article 16: Right to rectification]]<br />
[[Article 17 GDPR|Article 17: Right to erasure (‘right to be forgotten’)]]<br />
[[Article 18 GDPR|Article 18: Right to restriction of processing]]<br />
[[Article 19 GDPR|Article 19: Notification obligation regarding rectification or erasure of personal data or restriction of processing]]<br />
[[Article 20 GDPR|Article 20: Right to data portability]]<br />
[[Article 21 GDPR|Article 21: Right to object]]<br />
[[Article 22 GDPR|Article 22: Automated individual decision-making, including profiling]]<br />
[[Article 23 GDPR|Article 23: Restrictions]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 4: Controller and processor</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 24 GDPR|Article 24: Responsibility of the controller]]<br />
[[Article 25 GDPR|Article 25: Data protection by design and by default]]<br />
[[Article 26 GDPR|Article 26: Joint controllers]]<br />
[[Article 27 GDPR|Article 27: Representatives of controllers or processors not established in the Union]]<br />
[[Article 28 GDPR|Article 28: Processor]]<br />
[[Article 29 GDPR|Article 29: Processing under the authority of the controller or processor]]<br />
[[Article 30 GDPR|Article 30: Records of processing activities]]<br />
[[Article 31 GDPR|Article 31: Cooperation with the supervisory authority]]<br />
[[Article 32 GDPR|Article 32: Security of processing]]<br />
[[Article 33 GDPR|Article 33: Notification of a personal data breach to the supervisory authority]]<br />
[[Article 34 GDPR|Article 34: Communication of a personal data breach to the data subject]]<br />
[[Article 35 GDPR|Article 35: Data protection impact assessment]]<br />
[[Article 36 GDPR|Article 36: Prior consultation]]<br />
[[Article 37 GDPR|Article 37: Designation of the data protection officer]]<br />
[[Article 38 GDPR|Article 38: Position of the data protection officer]]<br />
[[Article 39 GDPR|Article 39: Tasks of the data protection officer]]<br />
[[Article 40 GDPR|Article 40: Codes of conduct]]<br />
[[Article 41 GDPR|Article 41: Monitoring of approved codes of conduct]]<br />
[[Article 42 GDPR|Article 42: Certification]]<br />
[[Article 43 GDPR|Article 43: Certification bodies]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 5: Transfers of personal data</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 44 GDPR|Article 44: General principle for transfers]]<br />
[[Article 45 GDPR|Article 45: Transfers on the basis of an adequacy decision]]<br />
[[Article 46 GDPR|Article 46: Transfers subject to appropriate safeguards]]<br />
[[Article 47 GDPR|Article 47: Binding corporate rules]]<br />
[[Article 48 GDPR|Article 48: Transfers or disclosures not authorised by Union law]]<br />
[[Article 49 GDPR|Article 49: Derogations for specific situations]]<br />
[[Article 50 GDPR|Article 50: International cooperation for the protection of personal data]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 6: Supervisory authorities</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 51 GDPR|Article 51: Supervisory authority]]<br />
[[Article 52 GDPR|Article 52: Independence]]<br />
[[Article 53 GDPR|Article 53: General conditions for the members of the supervisory authority]]<br />
[[Article 54 GDPR|Article 54: Rules on the establishment of the supervisory authority]]<br />
[[Article 55 GDPR|Article 55: Competence]]<br />
[[Article 56 GDPR|Article 56: Competence of the lead supervisory authority]]<br />
[[Article 57 GDPR|Article 57: Tasks]]<br />
[[Article 58 GDPR|Article 58: Powers]]<br />
[[Article 59 GDPR|Article 59: Activity reports]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 7: Cooperation and consistency</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 60 GDPR|Article 60: Cooperation between the lead supervisory authority and the other supervisory authorities concerned]]<br />
[[Article 61 GDPR|Article 61: Mutual assistance]]<br />
[[Article 62 GDPR|Article 62: Joint operations of supervisory authorities]]<br />
[[Article 63 GDPR|Article 63: Consistency mechanism]]<br />
[[Article 64 GDPR|Article 64: Opinion of the Board]]<br />
[[Article 65 GDPR|Article 65: Dispute resolution by the Board]]<br />
[[Article 66 GDPR|Article 66: Urgency procedure]]<br />
[[Article 67 GDPR|Article 67: Exchange of information]]<br />
[[Article 68 GDPR|Article 68: European Data Protection Board]]<br />
[[Article 69 GDPR|Article 69: Independence]]<br />
[[Article 70 GDPR|Article 70: Tasks of the Board]]<br />
[[Article 71 GDPR|Article 71: Reports]]<br />
[[Article 72 GDPR|Article 72: Procedure]]<br />
[[Article 73 GDPR|Article 73: Chair]]<br />
[[Article 74 GDPR|Article 74: Tasks of the Chair]]<br />
[[Article 75 GDPR|Article 75: Secretariat]]<br />
[[Article 76 GDPR|Article 76: Confidentiality]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 8: Remedies, liability and penalties</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 77 GDPR|Article 77: Right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority]]<br />
[[Article 78 GDPR|Article 78: Right to an effective judicial remedy against a supervisory authority]]<br />
[[Article 79 GDPR|Article 79: Right to an effective judicial remedy against a controller or processor]]<br />
[[Article 80 GDPR|Article 80: Representation of data subjects]]<br />
[[Article 81 GDPR|Article 81: Suspension of proceedings]]<br />
[[Article 82 GDPR|Article 82: Right to compensation and liability]]<br />
[[Article 83 GDPR|Article 83: General conditions for imposing administrative fines]]<br />
[[Article 84 GDPR|Article 84: Penalties]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 9: Specific processing situations</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 85 GDPR|Article 85: Processing and freedom of expression and information]]<br />
[[Article 86 GDPR|Article 86: Processing and public access to official documents]]<br />
[[Article 87 GDPR|Article 87: Processing of the national identification number]]<br />
[[Article 88 GDPR|Article 88: Processing in the context of employment]]<br />
[[Article 89 GDPR|Article 89: Safeguards and derogations relating to processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes]]<br />
[[Article 90 GDPR|Article 90: Obligations of secrecy]]<br />
[[Article 91 GDPR|Article 91: Existing data protection rules of churches and religious associations]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 10: Delegated and implementing acts</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 92 GDPR|Article 92: Exercise of the delegation]]<br />
[[Article 93 GDPR|Article 93: Committee procedure]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

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<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 11: Final provisions</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 94 GDPR|Article 94: Repeal of Directive 95: /46: /EC]]<br />
[[Article 95 GDPR|Article 95: Relationship with Directive 20: 02: /58: /EC]]<br />
[[Article 96 GDPR|Article 96: Relationship with previously concluded Agreements]]<br />
[[Article 97 GDPR|Article 97: Commission reports]]<br />
[[Article 98 GDPR|Article 98: Review of other Union legal acts on data protection]]<br />
[[Article 99 GDPR|Article 99: Entry into force and application]]<br />
</small>
</div>
</div>
|}

== Legal Text ==
<br /><center>'''Article 68 - European Data Protection Board'''</center>

<span id="1">1. The European Data Protection Board (the ‘Board’) is hereby established as a body of the Union and shall have legal personality.</span>

<span id="2">2. The Board shall be represented by its Chair.</span>

<span id="3">3. The Board shall be composed of the head of one supervisory authority of each Member State and of the European Data Protection Supervisor, or their respective representatives.</span>

<span id="4">4. Where in a Member State more than one supervisory authority is responsible for monitoring the application of the provisions pursuant to this Regulation, a joint representative shall be appointed in accordance with that Member State's law.</span>

<span id="5">5. The Commission shall have the right to participate in the activities and meetings of the Board without voting right. The Commission shall designate a representative. The Chair of the Board shall communicate to the Commission the activities of the Board.</span>

<span id="6">6. In the cases referred to in Article 65, the European Data Protection Supervisor shall have voting rights only on decisions which concern principles and rules applicable to the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies which correspond in substance to those of this Regulation.</span>

== Relevant Recitals==
{{Recital/139 GDPR}}

== Commentary ==
Article 68 GDPR addresses the nature, status, and composition of the European Data Protection Board (“''EDPB''”), which replaces the Article 29 Working Party (“''WP29''”), the former supervisory authority established under Directive 95/46/EC. Article 68 GDPR is the first of eight Articles (Articles 68-75 GDPR) governing the EDPB set forth in Section 3 of Chapter VII GDPR.

===(1) EU Body with Legal Personality===
Article 68(1) GDPR, as well as Recital 139 GDPR, establish the EDPB as a body of the Union with legal personality. Recital 139 GDPR explains that, “[i]''n order to promote the consistent application of [the GDPR], the Board should be set up as an independent body of the Union''” and “''should have legal personality''.” This contrasts with the WP29, which, although expected to act independently, did not have legal personality, and fulfilled a merely advisory role.<ref>''Albrecht'' in Ehmann, Selmayr, Article 68 GDPR, margin number 1 (C.H. C.H. Beck 2018, 2nd edition).</ref> The WP29's lack of legal personality contributed to what was generally seen as a fragmented application and interpretation of Directive 95/46/EC by supervisory authorities (“''SA''”).<ref>''Docksey'', in Kuner et al., The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Article 68 GDPR, p. 1046 (Oxford University Press 2020).</ref> As Docksey notes, imbuing the EDPB with legal personality, “''strengthens [its] nature […] as a governing body in its own right, deriving its legitimacy directly from legislation rather than by delegation from the Commission. In practical terms it means that the Board may take action before the Courts''.”<ref>''Docksey'', in Kuner et al., The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Article 68 GDPR, p. 1046 (Oxford University Press 2020).</ref> Having legal personality also means the EDPB can make legally binding decisions, covered by Article 65 GDPR.<ref>''Schiedermair'', in Simitis, Hornung, Spiecker, Datenschutzrecht, Article 68 GDPR, margin number 5 (C.H. Beck 2019, 1st edition).</ref> The EDPB’s status as an EU body is significant as it means that the EDPB is subject to the oversight of bodies in the EU system, helping to ensure its political and legal accountability. For example, the EDPB’s decisions may be appealed to the General Court, and its compliance with data protection rules is supervised by the EDPS.<ref>''Docksey'', in Kuner et al., The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Article 68 GDPR, p. 1046 (Oxford University Press 2020); Article 263 TFEU.</ref> The independent nature of the EDPB is addressed further in the commentary on Article 69 GDPR.
===(2) Chair===
The EDPB will be represented by a Chair, who fulfils both a public role – that is, representing the Board and its SAs at conferences, press meetings and so forth – as well as a formal role – that is, representing the Board legally, for example at discussions of the European parliament.<ref>''Docksey'', in Kuner et al., The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Article 68 GDPR, p. 1047 (Oxford University Press 2020).</ref> This contrasts with the WP29, which had a public role only. Articles 73 and 74 GDPR contain provisions on the Chair’s appointment and tasks.

===(3) National Supervisory Authorities===
Whilst the WP29 comprised of “''members''” of the national SAs, Article 68(3) GDPR requires the Board to be composed of the heads of the national SAs. As noted by Docksey, this “''emphasizes that the Board is intended to be a high-level body''” and “''significantly increases the ‘self-binding’ effect on national authorities of discussions and decisions by their heads at the Board''.”<ref>''Docksey'', in Kuner et al., The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Article 68 GDPR, p. 1047 (Oxford University Press 2020).</ref> Beyond being the head of a national SA, the GDPR does not establish rules on the eligibility and qualifications required to be a Board member. This contrasts with the rules regarding SA members in Article 53 GDPR.<ref>''Docksey'', in Kuner et al., The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Article 68 GDPR, p. 1047 (Oxford University Press 2020).</ref> Whilst not explicitly stated, it can be inferred that all ordinary EDPB members will have the right to vote. This is because Article 68(5) GDPR outlines that the Commission can participate in the Board’s activities and meetings, just without voting rights.<ref>''Albrecht'' in Ehmann, Selmayr, Article 68 GDPR, margin number 7 (C.H. Beck 2018, 2nd edition).</ref> The EEA/EFTA SAs are also members of the EDPB. Although they generally have the same rights and obligations as member state authorities, they do not have the right to vote, or to stand for election as deputy chairs.<ref>''Docksey'', in Kuner et al., The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Article 68 GDPR, p. 1049 (Oxford University Press 2020).</ref>
===(4) Joint Representative===
Under Article 68(4) GDPR, where a Member State has multiple SAs, these should be represented by a joint representative appointed in accordance with that Member State’s law. The GDPR does not set out procedures for appointing a joint representative, which are instead governed by national law.<ref>''Schiedermair'', in Simitis, Hornung, Spiecker, Datenschutzrecht, Article 68 GDPR, margin number 8 (C.H. Beck 2019, 1st edition).</ref>

===(5) European Commission===
Whilst the Commission may participate in the EDPB’s meetings and activities, it is not a member and does not enjoy voting rights. Docksey notes that this right to participation is somewhat “''remarkable'',” and underscores the EDPB’s independent nature.<ref>''Docksey'', in Kuner et al., The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Article 68 GDPR, p. 1050 (Oxford University Press 2020).</ref> This is discussed further in the commentary on Article 69 GDPR.

===(6) EDPS===
The EDPS’ voting rights in the board are limited to dispute resolution decisions under Article 65 GDPR concerning principles and rules applicable to the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies - that is, those established under Regulation (EU) 2018/1725. This setup is a compromise between, on the one-hand, the notion that the EDPS should not be able to vote on decisions that are not of its concern, and on the other, the notion that the EDPS should be treated the same as any other SA.<ref>''Dix'', in Kühling, Buchner, DS-GVO BDSG, Article 68 GDPR, margin number 12 (C.H. Beck 2020, 3rd edition); ''Docksey'', in Kuner et al., The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Article 68 GDPR, p. 1049 (Oxford University Press 2020).</ref> Indeed, in practice, it arguably makes little difference, since the principles and rules under Regulation 2018/1725 correspond in substance to those of the GDPR. The EDPS is thus likely to be able to vote in many cases.<ref>''Dix'', in Kühling, Buchner, DS-GVO BDSG, Article 68 GDPR, margin number 12 (C.H. C.H. Beck 2020, 3rd edition).</ref>

== Decisions ==
→ You can find all related decisions in [[:Category:Article 68 GDPR]]

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Article 68 GDPR]] [[Category:GDPR Articles]]

Article 68 GDPR - Revision history

Bodobalazs: 1 revision imported: GDPRHUB import 2023 04 18