Bodobalazs: 1 revision imported: GDPRHUB import 2023 04 18

2023-04-18T15:01:40Z

1 revision imported: GDPRHUB import 2023 04 18

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![[Article 68 GDPR|←]] Article 69 - Independence [[Article 70 GDPR|→]]
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|style="padding: 20px; background-color:#003399;"|[[File:Gdpricon.png|100px|center|link=Overview_of_GDPR]]
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<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 1: General provisions</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 1 GDPR|Article 1: Subject-matter and objectives]]<br />
[[Article 2 GDPR|Article 2: Material scope]]<br />
[[Article 3 GDPR|Article 3: Territorial scope]]<br />
[[Article 4 GDPR|Article 4: Definitions]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 2: Principles</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 5 GDPR|Article 5: Principles relating to processing of personal data]]<br />
[[Article 6 GDPR|Article 6: Lawfulness of processing]]<br />
[[Article 7 GDPR|Article 7: Conditions for consent]]<br />
[[Article 8 GDPR|Article 8: Conditions applicable to child’s consent in relation to information society services]]<br />
[[Article 9 GDPR|Article 9: Processing of special categories of personal data]]<br />
[[Article 10 GDPR|Article 10: Processing of personal data relating to criminal convictions and offences]]<br />
[[Article 11 GDPR|Article 11: Processing which does not require identification]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 3: Rights of the data subject</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 12 GDPR|Article 12: Transparent information, communication and modalities for the exercise of the rights of the data subject]]<br />
[[Article 13 GDPR|Article 13: Information to be provided where personal data are collected from the data subject]]<br />
[[Article 14 GDPR|Article 14: Information to be provided where personal data have not been obtained from the data subject]]<br />
[[Article 15 GDPR|Article 15: Right of access by the data subject]]<br />
[[Article 16 GDPR|Article 16: Right to rectification]]<br />
[[Article 17 GDPR|Article 17: Right to erasure (‘right to be forgotten’)]]<br />
[[Article 18 GDPR|Article 18: Right to restriction of processing]]<br />
[[Article 19 GDPR|Article 19: Notification obligation regarding rectification or erasure of personal data or restriction of processing]]<br />
[[Article 20 GDPR|Article 20: Right to data portability]]<br />
[[Article 21 GDPR|Article 21: Right to object]]<br />
[[Article 22 GDPR|Article 22: Automated individual decision-making, including profiling]]<br />
[[Article 23 GDPR|Article 23: Restrictions]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 4: Controller and processor</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 24 GDPR|Article 24: Responsibility of the controller]]<br />
[[Article 25 GDPR|Article 25: Data protection by design and by default]]<br />
[[Article 26 GDPR|Article 26: Joint controllers]]<br />
[[Article 27 GDPR|Article 27: Representatives of controllers or processors not established in the Union]]<br />
[[Article 28 GDPR|Article 28: Processor]]<br />
[[Article 29 GDPR|Article 29: Processing under the authority of the controller or processor]]<br />
[[Article 30 GDPR|Article 30: Records of processing activities]]<br />
[[Article 31 GDPR|Article 31: Cooperation with the supervisory authority]]<br />
[[Article 32 GDPR|Article 32: Security of processing]]<br />
[[Article 33 GDPR|Article 33: Notification of a personal data breach to the supervisory authority]]<br />
[[Article 34 GDPR|Article 34: Communication of a personal data breach to the data subject]]<br />
[[Article 35 GDPR|Article 35: Data protection impact assessment]]<br />
[[Article 36 GDPR|Article 36: Prior consultation]]<br />
[[Article 37 GDPR|Article 37: Designation of the data protection officer]]<br />
[[Article 38 GDPR|Article 38: Position of the data protection officer]]<br />
[[Article 39 GDPR|Article 39: Tasks of the data protection officer]]<br />
[[Article 40 GDPR|Article 40: Codes of conduct]]<br />
[[Article 41 GDPR|Article 41: Monitoring of approved codes of conduct]]<br />
[[Article 42 GDPR|Article 42: Certification]]<br />
[[Article 43 GDPR|Article 43: Certification bodies]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 5: Transfers of personal data</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 44 GDPR|Article 44: General principle for transfers]]<br />
[[Article 45 GDPR|Article 45: Transfers on the basis of an adequacy decision]]<br />
[[Article 46 GDPR|Article 46: Transfers subject to appropriate safeguards]]<br />
[[Article 47 GDPR|Article 47: Binding corporate rules]]<br />
[[Article 48 GDPR|Article 48: Transfers or disclosures not authorised by Union law]]<br />
[[Article 49 GDPR|Article 49: Derogations for specific situations]]<br />
[[Article 50 GDPR|Article 50: International cooperation for the protection of personal data]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 6: Supervisory authorities</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 51 GDPR|Article 51: Supervisory authority]]<br />
[[Article 52 GDPR|Article 52: Independence]]<br />
[[Article 53 GDPR|Article 53: General conditions for the members of the supervisory authority]]<br />
[[Article 54 GDPR|Article 54: Rules on the establishment of the supervisory authority]]<br />
[[Article 55 GDPR|Article 55: Competence]]<br />
[[Article 56 GDPR|Article 56: Competence of the lead supervisory authority]]<br />
[[Article 57 GDPR|Article 57: Tasks]]<br />
[[Article 58 GDPR|Article 58: Powers]]<br />
[[Article 59 GDPR|Article 59: Activity reports]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 7: Cooperation and consistency</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 60 GDPR|Article 60: Cooperation between the lead supervisory authority and the other supervisory authorities concerned]]<br />
[[Article 61 GDPR|Article 61: Mutual assistance]]<br />
[[Article 62 GDPR|Article 62: Joint operations of supervisory authorities]]<br />
[[Article 63 GDPR|Article 63: Consistency mechanism]]<br />
[[Article 64 GDPR|Article 64: Opinion of the Board]]<br />
[[Article 65 GDPR|Article 65: Dispute resolution by the Board]]<br />
[[Article 66 GDPR|Article 66: Urgency procedure]]<br />
[[Article 67 GDPR|Article 67: Exchange of information]]<br />
[[Article 68 GDPR|Article 68: European Data Protection Board]]<br />
[[Article 69 GDPR|Article 69: Independence]]<br />
[[Article 70 GDPR|Article 70: Tasks of the Board]]<br />
[[Article 71 GDPR|Article 71: Reports]]<br />
[[Article 72 GDPR|Article 72: Procedure]]<br />
[[Article 73 GDPR|Article 73: Chair]]<br />
[[Article 74 GDPR|Article 74: Tasks of the Chair]]<br />
[[Article 75 GDPR|Article 75: Secretariat]]<br />
[[Article 76 GDPR|Article 76: Confidentiality]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 8: Remedies, liability and penalties</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 77 GDPR|Article 77: Right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority]]<br />
[[Article 78 GDPR|Article 78: Right to an effective judicial remedy against a supervisory authority]]<br />
[[Article 79 GDPR|Article 79: Right to an effective judicial remedy against a controller or processor]]<br />
[[Article 80 GDPR|Article 80: Representation of data subjects]]<br />
[[Article 81 GDPR|Article 81: Suspension of proceedings]]<br />
[[Article 82 GDPR|Article 82: Right to compensation and liability]]<br />
[[Article 83 GDPR|Article 83: General conditions for imposing administrative fines]]<br />
[[Article 84 GDPR|Article 84: Penalties]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 9: Specific processing situations</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 85 GDPR|Article 85: Processing and freedom of expression and information]]<br />
[[Article 86 GDPR|Article 86: Processing and public access to official documents]]<br />
[[Article 87 GDPR|Article 87: Processing of the national identification number]]<br />
[[Article 88 GDPR|Article 88: Processing in the context of employment]]<br />
[[Article 89 GDPR|Article 89: Safeguards and derogations relating to processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes]]<br />
[[Article 90 GDPR|Article 90: Obligations of secrecy]]<br />
[[Article 91 GDPR|Article 91: Existing data protection rules of churches and religious associations]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 10: Delegated and implementing acts</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 92 GDPR|Article 92: Exercise of the delegation]]<br />
[[Article 93 GDPR|Article 93: Committee procedure]]<br />
</small>
</div></div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" overflow:auto;" style="border-width: 0px">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">Chapter 11: Final provisions</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<small>
[[Article 94 GDPR|Article 94: Repeal of Directive 95: /46: /EC]]<br />
[[Article 95 GDPR|Article 95: Relationship with Directive 20: 02: /58: /EC]]<br />
[[Article 96 GDPR|Article 96: Relationship with previously concluded Agreements]]<br />
[[Article 97 GDPR|Article 97: Commission reports]]<br />
[[Article 98 GDPR|Article 98: Review of other Union legal acts on data protection]]<br />
[[Article 99 GDPR|Article 99: Entry into force and application]]<br />
</small>
</div>
</div>
|}

== Legal Text ==
<br /><center>'''Article 69 - Independence'''</center>

<span id="1">1. The Board shall act independently when performing its tasks or exercising its powers pursuant to Articles 70 and 71.</span>

<span id="2">2. Without prejudice to requests by the Commission referred to in point (b) of Article 70(1) and in Article 70(2), the Board shall, in the performance of its tasks or the exercise of its powers, neither seek nor take instructions from anybody.</span>

== Relevant Recitals==
{{Recital/139 GDPR}}

==Commentary==
Article 69 GDPR guarantees the EDPB’s independence in performing its tasks and exercising its powers.

===(1) The Board Shall Act Independently===
The right to supervision by an independent authority is laid down in Article 8(3) of the Charter, Article 16(2) TFEU, and Article 39 TEU. The CJEU has also defined this right as an “''essential component''” of the fundamental right to data protection.<ref>CJEU, 9 March 2010, Commission and Federal Republic of Germany, C-518/07, margin number 23 (available [https://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf;jsessionid=8420BFF36DF4F104091DB5C7A1C2E74D?text=&docid=79752&pageIndex=0&doclang=en&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=2589415 here]); ''Docksey'', in Kuner et al., The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Article 68 GDPR, p. 1056 (Oxford University Press 2020).</ref>

The GDPR arguably takes a slightly less strict approach to the EDPB’s independence (which must “''act independently''”) compared to national supervisory authorities’ independence (which must “''act with complete independence''” (Article 52(2) GDPR) (emphasis added). This is supported by the Court in ''Commission v Germany'', which interpreted the phrase “''complete'' ''independence''” in the context of Directive 95/46/EC, emphasising that the “''adjective ‘complete’ [...] implies a decision-making power independent of any direct or indirect external influence on the supervisory authority.''”<ref>CJEU, 9 March 2010, Commission and Federal Republic of Germany, C-518/07, margin number 19 (available [https://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf;jsessionid=8420BFF36DF4F104091DB5C7A1C2E74D?text=&docid=79752&pageIndex=0&doclang=en&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=2589415 here]); ''Docksey'', in Kuner et al., The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Article 68 GDPR, p. 1061 (Oxford University Press 2020).</ref> On the other hand, some commentators contend this linguistic difference is immaterial; in particular, the word “''complete''” is omitted where primary law refers to independent supervisory authorities, yet this does not affect their level of independence.<ref>''Docksey'', in Kuner et al., The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Article 68 GDPR, p. 1059 (Oxford University Press 2020); ''Brink, Wilhelm'', in Wolff, Brink, DS-GVO, Article 69 GDPR, margin numbers 4-6 (C.H. C.H. Beck 2019, 35th edition) ''Dix'' in Kühling, Buchner, DS-GVO BDSG, Article 69 GDPR, margin number 4 (C.H. Beck 2020, 3rd edition).</ref>

In order to act independently, the EDPB must not depend on external bodies. As highlighted by Dix, the EDPB may still consult external experts, however this must be made transparent within the framework of Article 76 GDPR on confidentiality.<ref>''Dix'' in Kühling, Buchner, DS-GVO BDSG, Article 69 GDPR, margin number 5 (C.H. Beck 2020, 3rd edition).</ref> In addition, the EDPB’s independence is not affected by the fact that it relies on the EDPS for facilities, staff, and budget, nor the fact that, as established in Article 68(5) GDPR, it is subject to the same controls as other EU bodies.<ref>''Docksey'', in Kuner et al., The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Article 68 GDPR, p. 1046 (Oxford University Press 2020); ''Dix'' in Kühling, Buchner, DS-GVO BDSG, Article 69 GDPR, margin number 4 (C.H. Beck 2020, 3rd edition).</ref>

===(2) The Board Shall Neither Seek nor Take Instructions from Any Body ===
Article 69(2) GDPR provides that the EDPB shall not seek nor take instructions from any body. This requirement is without prejudice to situations where the Commission seeks advice from the EDPB on issues related to the protection of personal data in the Union, including on any proposed amendment to the GDPR (under Article 70(1)(b) GDPR), as well as the time limit the Commission may indicate regarding such advice (under Article 70(2) GDPR).

Although not explicitly mentioned in Article 69(2) GDPR, the requirement also applies without prejudice to situations where the Commission requests an opinion from the EDPB on matters “''of general application''” or “''producing effects in more than one member state, in particular where a competent supervisory authority does not comply with the obligations for mutual assistance in accordance with Article 61 or for joint operations in accordance with Article 62''” (Article 64(2) GDPR).<ref>''Dix'' in Kühling, Buchner, DS-GVO BDSG, Article 69 GDPR, margin number 6 (C.H. Beck 2020, 3rd edition).</ref>

Dix notes that such requests for advice and opinions, which the EDPB cannot refuse, may impede the performance of its tasks where they “''exceed a certain scope''.” However, the EDPB is “''not required to deal with'' [the requests] ''in any particular order or time limit''.”<ref>''Dix'' in Kühling, Buchner, DS-GVO BDSG, Article 69 GDPR, margin number 6 (C.H. Beck 2020, 3rd edition).</ref>

Article 68(5) GDPR establishes that whilst the Commission does not enjoy voting rights, it may participate in EDPB activities and meetings. According to Docksey, “''in view of the high standard of independence required under Article 8(3) of the Charter, care must be taken''” here, particularly regarding meetings concerning cases “''where the Commission has a specific interest in the executive of the European Union''.”<ref>''Docksey'', in Kuner et al., The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Article 68 GDPR, p. 1066 (Oxford University Press 2020).</ref>

==Decisions==
→ You can find all related decisions in [[:Category:Article 69 GDPR]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Article 69 GDPR]]
[[Category:GDPR Articles]]

Article 69 GDPR - Revision history

Bodobalazs: 1 revision imported: GDPRHUB import 2023 04 18